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It is hard to appraise the job of testing during the process of software product development. Its objectives are not restricted to fixing bugs. The fundamental idea behind software testing isn’t just to ensure that a product functions as proposed yet additionally to decide the probability of a negative user experience in the future. To get this going, experts utilize many types of software testing techniques, which are easy to get confused.
Though testing is the way toward executing a program determined to discover mistakes. To cause our product to perform well it ought to be without mistake. In the event that testing is done effectively, it will eliminate every one of the blunders from the product. Let’s learn about software testing and its types in detail.
What is Software Testing and Why is it Important?
Software Testing is a technique to check whether the genuine software product coordinates with anticipated necessities and to guarantee that the software is error-free. It includes the execution of software/system modules utilizing manual or automated tools to assess at least one property of interest. The reason for software testing is to recognize mistakes, flaws or missing necessities rather than real prerequisites.
Some prefer saying Software testing as a White Box and Black Box Testing. In straightforward terms, Software Testing means the Verification of Application Under Test (AUT).
Software Testing is important, in such a case that there are any bugs or errors in the software, it very well may be recognized early and settled before delivery of the final software product. Appropriately tested software items guarantee reliability, security and high performance which further results in saving time, cost-effective and satisfied consumers.
Testing is important on the grounds that software bugs could be costly or even dangerous. Software bugs can conceivably cause money related and human loss.
Principles of Testing
- All the tests should meet the client prerequisites.
- To make our software testing ought to be performed by a third party.
- Exhaustive testing is beyond the realm of imagination. As we need the ideal amount of testing depends on the risk assessment of the application.
- All the tests should be planned prior to executing them.
- It follows the Pareto rule (80/20 standard) which expresses that 80% of mistakes come from 20% of program segments.
- Start testing with little parts and extend it to enormous parts.
Types of Software Testing
There are a number of software testing types to provide perfection to the software. Let’s learn in detail about types of software testing in detail;
1. Acceptance Testing
An Acceptance Test is performed by the customer and confirms whether the end to end flow of the software is according to the business requirements or not and does it is based on the necessities of the end-client. In such types of software testing, clients acknowledge the product when all of the functionalities and features fill in true to form.
It is the last phase of the testing, after which the product goes into creation. This is additionally called User Acceptance Testing (UAT).
2. Accessibility Testing
The point of Accessibility Testing is to decide if the application or software is accessible for specially challenged people or not.
Here, especially challenged implies hard of hearing, visually challenged, intellectually incapacitated, colour blind, old age and other disability groups. Different checks are performed, for example, font size for visually challenged, colour or partial blindness, and so forth.
3. Ad-hoc Testing
As the name proposes itself that this testing is performed on an ad-hoc basis, for example; with no reference to the test case and furthermore with no plan or documentation set up for such sort of testing.
The target of these types of software testing is to discover the deformities and break the application by executing any progression of the application or any arbitrary usefulness.
Ad-hoc Testing is an informal way of discovering errors and can be performed by anybody in the project. It is hard to distinguish errors/issues without any test case. However, occasionally it is possible that issues found during ad-hoc testing might not have been recognized utilizing existing test cases.
4. Alpha Testing
It is the most well-known kind of testing utilized in the Software business. The target of this testing is to recognize all potential issues or deformities prior to delivering them into the market or to the client.
Alpha Testing is done at the finish of the software development stage but before the Beta Testing. All things considered, minor plan changes might be made because of such testing.
Alpha Testing is conducted at the developer’s/engineer’s site. In-house virtual client environments can be made for this kind of testing.
5. Backward Compatibility Testing
Such types of software testing validate whether the recently developed software or software update functions well with the previous version of the environment or not.
Backward Compatibility Testing checks whether the new version of the software works appropriately with file design by a previous version of the software. It additionally functions properly with data tables, files, and structures made by the older version of that software.
6. Back-end Testing
At whatever point an input or data is entered on a front-end application, it is stored in the database and the testing of such a database is known as Database Testing or Back-end Testing.
There are various data sets like SQL Server, MySQL, and Oracle, and so forth. Database Testing includes testing of table structuring, schema, stored procedure, data structure, etc.
There can be issues recognized like loss of data, deadlock, data corruption and so forth during this back-end testing and these issues are basic to fixing before the framework goes live into the development environment.
7. Beta Testing
Beta Testing is one of the conventional types of Software Testing which is done by the client. It is acted in the Real Environment prior to releasing the product for the real end-users.
Beta Testing is carried out to make sure that there are no significant issues in the product or software and it fulfils the business necessities from an end user’s perspective. Beta Testing is fruitful when the client acknowledges the product.
Typically, the Beta version of the product or software delivered is restricted to a specific number of clients in a particular region. So the end client really uses the software and gives feedback over it to the organization. Organizations then implement necessary improvements prior to releasing the software globally.
8. Black Box Testing
Internal system design isn’t considered in this type of testing. Tests depend on the prerequisites and usefulness.
9. Boundary Value Testing
This sort of testing checks the behaviour of the application at a level.
Boundary Value Testing is performed for checking if errors exist at limit esteems. Boundary Value Testing is used for testing a new range of numbers. There is an upper and lower limit for each range and testing is performed on these boundary values.
10. Branch Testing
It is a kind of White box Testing and is done during Unit Testing. Branch Testing, as the name, proposes that the code is tested completely by crossing at each branch.
11. Browser Compatibility Testing
It is a subtype of Compatibility Testing and is performed by the testing team.
Browser Compatibility Testing is performed for web applications and it guarantees that the product can run with the combination of various browsers and operating systems. This kind of testing validates whether a web application runs on all versions of all browsers or not.
12. Comparison Testing
Comparison of an item’s weaknesses and strengths with its past versions or other similar products is named Comparison Testing.
13. Compatibility Testing
Such types of software testing usually approve the behaviour of software and run in another climate, web servers, network environment, and hardware.
Compatibility testing guarantees that products can run on a different configuration, diverse database, different browsers, and their different versions too. This testing is performed by the testing team.
14. Component Testing
This testing is mostly done by developers after completing unit testing. Component Testing includes testing of numerous functionalities as a single code and its goal is to distinguish if any defect exists after associating those numerous functionalities with one another.
15. End-to-End Testing
End-to-End Testing is similar to system testing, which includes testing of the whole application environment in a circumstance that depicts real-world use. For example, collaborating with a database, using network communication, or interacting with other hardware, system, or applications if appropriate.
16. Equivalence Partitioning
It is a trying method and a kind of Black Box Testing. During this Equivalence Partitioning, a group is selected and a few numbers are chosen for testing. It is perceived that all values from that group produce similar output.
The point of these types of software testing is to eliminate repetitive test cases within a particular group that produces a similar output but with no defect.
17. Example Testing
It implies real-time testing. Example Testing incorporates the real-time situation, it also includes the situations dependent on the testers’ experiences.
18. Exploratory Testing
Exploratory Testing is casual testing performed by the testing team. The aim of this testing is to investigate the application and search for issues/defects that exist in the application.
Occasionally, it might happen that during this testing major issues are found that can even cause a system failure. An Exploratory Testing strategy is performed without documentation and test cases.
19. Functional Testing
This sort of testing overlooks the inside parts and only focuses on the output to check whether it is based on the requirement or not. It is a Black-box type of testing equipped to the functional requirements of an application.
20. Graphical User Interface (GUI) Testing
The aim of this GUI Testing is to approve the GUI according to the business demands. The normal GUI of the application is mentioned in the Detailed Design Document and GUI mockup screens.
The GUI Testing incorporates the button size and input field available on the screen, arrangement of all text, data, and content in the tables.
It likewise approves the menu of the application, after selecting different menu and menu items. It approves that the page works properly and the arrangement stays the same after hovering the mouse on the menu or sub-menu.
21. Gorilla Testing
Gorilla Testing is performed by a tester and sometimes by the developers too. In Gorilla Testing, one module or the functionality in the module is tested thoroughly and vigorously. The goal of such types of software testing is to check the robustness of the application.
22. Happy Path Testing
The target of Happy Path Testing is to test an application effectively on a positive stream. It doesn’t look for negative or error conditions. The attention is just on the positive and legitimate inputs through which the application produces the expected output.
23. Incremental Integration Testing
Incremental Integration Testing is a Bottom-up approach for testing i.e continuous testing of an application when new functionality is added. Application functionality and modules ought to be independent enough to test independently. The programmers or testers, anyone can perform this testing.
24. Install/Uninstall Testing
Installation and Uninstallation Testing is done on full, incomplete, or update install/uninstall processes on various hardware configurations, operating systems under different hardware and software environments.
25. Integration Testing
Testing of all integrated modules to verify the consolidated functionality after integration is named Integration Testing.
Modules are normally code modules, client and server applications on a network, individual applications, and so forth. These types of software testing are particularly relevant to client/server and distributed systems.
26. Load Testing
It is a sort of Non-Functional Testing. However, the aim of Load Testing is to check how much burden or maximum workload a system can handle without degrading the performance.
Load Testing assists with tracking down the most extreme limit of the system under specific load and any issues that cause degradation in software performance.
27. Monkey Testing
Monkey Testing is completed by a tester assuming that if a monkey uses the application, how random info, values will be entered without any understanding or knowledge of the application.
The target of Monkey Testing is to check if an application or system gets crashed by giving arbitrary inputs. Monkey Testing is performed haphazardly and no cases are scripted to perform the testing.
28. Negative Testing
With Negative Testing, testers validate whether the system or application breaks or not. A Negative Testing strategy is performed with incorrect or invalid data or input. Such types of software testing approve that if the system gives an error message of invalid data and acts as expected.
29. Non-Functional Testing
It is a sort of testing for which each organization has an individual team which is typically called a Non-Functional Test (NFT) team or Performance team.
Non-Functional Testing includes testing of non-functional requirements, such as Load Testing, Stress Testing, Recovery Testing, Security, Volume, and so on. The target of NFT testing is to guarantee whether the response time of software or application is speedy enough according to the business requirement.
30. Performance Testing
This term is regularly used interchangeably with ‘stress’ and ‘load’ testing. Performance Testing is done to check whether the system meets the performance requirement. Different performance and load tools are used to perform this testing.
31. Recovery Testing
Recovery Testing is one of the types of software testing which approves how well the application or system recovers from accidents or calamities.
It decides whether the system can proceed with the operation after a disaster. Expect that the application is receiving information through the network cable and out of nowhere that network cable has been unplugged.
In a little while, plug the network cable; then, at that point, the system should begin getting information from where it lost the connection because of network cable unplugged.
32. Regression Testing
Testing an application in general for the change in any module or usefulness is named as Regression Testing. It is hard to cover all the systems in Regression Testing, so normally Automation Testing Tools are utilized for these sorts of testing.
33. Risk-Based Testing (RBT)
In Risk-Based Testing, the functionalities or requirements are tested depending on their priority. Hence, Risk-Based Testing incorporates testing of exceptionally critical functionalities, which majorly affects business and in which the failure probability is extremely high.
The priority decision depends on the business need, so whenever priority is set for all functionalities then high priority test cases or functionality are executed first followed by medium and afterwards low priority functionalities.
The low priority functionality might be tested or not tested depending on the available time.
34. Sanity Testing
Sanity Testing is done to decide whether a new software version is performing properly to acknowledge it for significant testing efforts or not. Assuming an application is smashing for the underlying use, the framework isn’t steady enough for additional testing. Hence, a build or an application is allocated to fix it.
35. Security Testing
Such types of software testing are performed by a specialist group of testers. A system can be penetrated by hacking methods.
Security Testing is done to check how the software or application or website is secure from any type of external or internal threats. Therefore, this testing incorporates how much programming is secure from the spammed program, viruses and how secure and strong the authentication and authorization measures are.
36. Smoke Testing
At whatever point another form is given by the advancement group then the Software Testing team approves the development and guarantees that no significant issue exists.
The testing group guarantees that the software development is steady and a detailed level of testing is done further. Hence, Smoke Testing watches that no masterpiece imperfection exists in the form which will forestall the testing group to test the application exhaustively.
37. Static Testing
Static Testing is a kind of testing that is executed with no code. The execution is performed on the documentation during the testing stage.
It includes reviews, inspections, and walkthroughs of the expectations of the venture. Static Testing doesn’t execute the code rather than the code grammar, naming shows are checked.
Static Testing is likewise appropriate for experiments, test plans, plan reports. It is important to perform static testing by the testing group as the imperfections recognized during this kind of testing are savvy from the undertaking viewpoint.
38. Stress Testing
It is among the types of software testing which is done when a system is focused on past details to check how and when it fails. Hence, it is performed under a heavy load like putting huge numbers past complex database queries, storage capacity, continuous input to the system or database load.
39. System Testing
Under the System Testing method, the whole system is tried according to the requirements. It is a Black-box type Testing that depends on overall requirement specification and covers all the joined pieces of a system.
40. Transformation Testing
Transformation Testing is a kind of white box testing in which the source code of one of the programs is changed and verifies whether the current test cases can distinguish these imperfections in the system.
The adjustment of the program source code is negligible so that it doesn’t affect the whole application. Just the particular areas experience the effect and the related test case should identify those mistakes in the system.
41. Unit Testing
Testing of an individual software component or module is named Unit Testing. It is normally done by the software engineer, instead of testers. Though it requires detailed information on the internal program code and design. It might also require creating test driver modules or test harnesses.
42. Usability Testing
Under Usability Testing, User-friendliness is checked. The application stream tries to know whether another client can comprehend the application effectively or not. The proper assistance is recorded if a client stocks at any time. Essentially, the system navigation is checked in this testing.
43. Volume Testing
Volume Testing is a kind of Non-Functional Testing performed by the Performance Testing group.
The product or application goes through an immense amount of data and Volume Testing checks the system behaviour and reaction time of the application when the system goes over a high volume of information. This high volume of information may affect the system’s performance and speed of processing time.
44. Vulnerability Testing
The testing which includes recognizing shortcomings in the product, equipment and the organization is known as Vulnerability Testing. Thus, the hacker can take control of the system through a malicious program, if it is defenceless against such sorts of assaults, viruses, and worms.
So it is important to check if those systems go through Vulnerability Testing before creation. It might recognize basic defects or flaws in security.
45. White Box Testing
White Box Testing depends on the information about the internal logic of an application’s code.
It is also called Glass box Testing. Inner software and code working ought to be known for performing this type of testing. These tests depend on the inclusion of code statements, branches, conditions, paths, and so on.
Conclusion
This article gives detailed learning about several types of software testing. However, remember that you don’t have to perform all of these tests referenced in this post for your product project. What sorts of tests you should run relies upon the kind of software you’re building and various other factors.
There are many types of software testing tools to perform all these different types of testing in your mobile and web application. However, there are many expert testing agencies out there that can do this and help you to build quality and user-friendly software. To find the best and top software testing agencies then Supersourcing can be the right destination point for you. However, the enlisted agencies are experts in delivering services and saves your time as well.
